Sooner or later in the Linux world, you will have to change the permission on a file or directory. This is done with the chmod command.

In this article, I’ll share with you some of the practical examples of chmod command. I’ll also explain some the popular terms like chmod 777 or chmod 755 or chmod -r.

Before you see the chmod examples, I would strongly advise you to learn the basics of file permissions in Linux. Using chmod command will be a lot easier once you understand the permissions.

Chmod Russia SireIgnus. 0 + Follow - Unfollow Posted on: Jul 12, 2021. Thank you for visiting MinecraftSkins.com - Skindex, the source for Minecraft skins. # chown root:minecraft bin/useragent # chmod 4550 bin/useragent Please note that the order of these commands is important. Doing the chown afterwards will alter the permissions set using the chmod. No resource display. The multicraft.log shows 'Failed to calculate resource usage'.

Chmod command in Linux

What is chmod? chmod stands for change mode. This command is used for changing the mode of access.

But wait! Is it not meant for changing the permission? Actually, in early Unix days, permissions were called mode of access. This is why this particular command was named chmod.

chmod command has the following syntax:

Before you see how to use chmod, you should know its options.

• -v : output a diagnostic for every file processed
• -c : like verbose but report only when a change is made
• –reference=FILE : use FILE’s mode instead of MODE values
• –R : change permissions recursively

Note that using -v option report if change were made or if nothing needed to be done. When combined with -R option, -v can produce a lot of output. –reference=FILE let you use the current permission mode of FILE as the permissions to set on the target file. Note this option requires a double-dash prefix (–) not (-).

Chmod command examples

Using chmod command is very easy if you know what permissions you have to set on a file.

For example, if you want the owner to have all the permissions and no permissions for the group and public, you need to set the permission 700 in absolute mode:

You can do the same in symbolic mode.

If you want an easy way to know the Linux file permission in numeric or symbolic mode, you can use this chmod calculator. Just select the appropriate permissions and it will tell you the permissions in both absolute and symbolic mode.

Change permission on all the files in a directory recursively

chmod has the recursive option that allows you to change the permissions on all the files in a directory and its sub-directories.

chmod 777: Everything for everyone

You might have heard of chmod 777. This command will give read, write and execute permission to the owner, group and public.

If you want to change the mode to 777, you can use the command like this:

chmod 777 is considered potentially dangerous because you are giving read, write and execute permission on a file/directory to everyone (who is on your system). You should totally avoid it.

chmod +x or chmod a+x: Execution for everyone

Probably one of the most used case of chmod is to give a file the execution bit. Often after downloading an executable file you will need to add this permission before using it. To give owner, group and everyone else permission to execute file:

chmod 755: Only owner can write, read and execute for everyone

This next command will set the following permission on file: rwxr-xr-x. Only the owner will be allowed to write to the file. Owner, group members and everyone else will have read and execute permission.

chmod 700: Everything for owner only

This command will give read, write and execute permission to the owner. Group and others will have no permissions, not even read.

chmod 666: No one executes

To give owner, group and everyone else read and write permission on file.

chmod 644: Everyone can read, only owner can write

With this next one, owner will have read and write while group and everyone else have read permission.

chmod 600: Owner can read and write, nothing else for anyone

With this next one, owner will have read and write while group and everyone else will have no permissions whatsoever.

chmod command examples in symbolic mode

In the above examples, I use bitmask to set the new MODE. Those are easy to calculate. Simple addition is required. Consider the following:

• X = 1
• W = 2
• R = 4

You can now easily see where I got the 755, 666, 640 from. You don’t have to use bitmask to set new permission. A more human readable way is available. This second format looks like this:

While this may seem complicated, it is quite simple. You first start with typing chmod and the OPTIONS that you want. Then, ask yourself: Who am I changing permissions for? User, Group, Others. This will give you the first section of the command:

The next step to complete the command, you either decide to add permissions bits (+), remove permissions (-), or set permission (=). This last one will add or remove permissions as needed to set permission as you requested.

The next section is where you decide the permission MODE to apply(+), remove (-) or match (=). You can specify any combination of rwx.

This next example will apply read/write permission to file for the owner. The verbose option will cause chmod to report on the action.

This next one will set the group’s write permission on directory and all its content recursively. It will report only on changes.

You can combine multiple operation to be done on permission like this next example. It will make sure owner has read/write/execute, also add write permission for group and remove execution for everyone else:

This last one will use rFile as a reference to set permission on file. When completed, the permission of file will be exactly as they are for rFile

There are more options and MODE that can be used with chmod that are not covered or mentioned here. I wanted to keep this to basic and hopefully help a few new Linux user.

A word of warning!

With chmod and sudo you now have to power to change permission on almost any files. This does NOT mean you should. Permissions outside your home directory are set the way they are for a reason. Changing them is rarely the appropriate solutions to any problems.

I hope these chmod command examples were helpful for you. Got a question or suggestion? Please leave a comment below.

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Compatibility

Minecraft: Java Edition will run on popular distros as long as the minimum requirements are met.

Install Notes

LinuxGSM installs the vanilla server by default https://minecraft.net/en/download/server. There is currently no method for LinuxGSM to install custom Minecraft servers automatically. Should you wish to install a custom server you will need to manually install the jar file and point LinuxGSM to it.PaperMC and Waterfall MC Server is also available here:https://linuxgsm.com/lgsm/pmcserver/https://linuxgsm.com/lgsm/wmcserver/Minecraft Java Edition now requires Java 16. Currently only Ubuntu 20.04 has this in its official repositorys

Server

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Minimum Recommended Distros

Other Distros

Although not tested, any distro with tmux => 1.6 and JRE => 16 should also be compatible withMinecraft: Java Edition servers.

Dependencies

Before installing, you must ensure you have all the dependencies required to run mcserver.

EPEL is required to install some dependencies needed for using LinuxGSM on CentOS.

CentOS 64-bit

Gamedig

GameDig is a recommended additional module that allows LinuxGSM to gather more info from the game server such as current map and connected players to be displayed in details and in logs. It also replaces the default LinuxGSM query module in monitor.To install GameDig follow the steps in the LinuxGSM documentation.

Install Dependencies Using LinuxGSM

It is possible for LinuxGSM to install dependencies either by having the mcserver user account with sudo access or running the installer as root.

user with sudo access

During the installation if the game server user has sudo permissions LinuxGSM will attempt to install any missing dependencies itself.

root user

if mcserver is already installed run ./mcserver install as root and LinuxGSM will automatically install missing dependencies.

Install

From the command-line do the following. Ensuring you have also installed the required dependencies.

1. Create a user and login.

For security best practice, ensure you set a strong password. Random password:

2. Download linuxgsm.sh.3. Run the installer following the on-screen instructions.

Basic Usage

All Commands

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Running

start

stop

restart

console

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To exit the console press CTRL+b d. Pressing CTRL+c will terminate the server.

Updating

update

Update checks for any server updates and applies them. The server will update and restart only if required.

Debugging

Details

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Debug

Use debug mode to help you if you are having issues with the server. Debug allows you to see the output of the server directly to your terminal allowing you to diagnose any problems the server might be having.

Logs

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Backup

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Backup will allow you to create a complete tar bzip2 archive of the whole server.

Monitor

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Configure LinuxGSM

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Chmod Minecraft Servers

Documentation

For detailed documentation visit the LinuxGSM docs.

Cronjobs

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To automate LinuxGSM you can set scheduled tasks using cronjobs, to run any command at any given time. You can edit the crontab using the following.

Below are the recommended cron tasks.

Configure LinuxGSM

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For details on how to alter LinuxGSM settings visit LinuxGSM Config Files page.

Documentation

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